妙法莲华经The Wonderful Dharma Lotus Flower Sutra 1

Chapter 1- Introduction 妙法莲华经序品第一

Thus have I heard, at one time the Buddha dwelt on Mount Grdhrakuta, near the City of the House of the Kings, together with a gathering of Great Bhikshus, twelve thousand in all. All were Arhats who had exhausted all outflows and had no further afflictions. Having attained self-benefit, they had exhausted the bonds of all existence and their hearts had attained self-mastery. Their names were: Ajnatakaundinya, Mahakashyapa, Uruvilvakashyapa, Gayakashyapa, Nadikashyapa, Shariputra, Great Maudgalyayana, Mahakatyayana, Aniruddha, Kapphina, Gavampati, Revata, Pilindavatsa, Vakkula, Mahakaushthila, Nanda, Sundarananda, Purnamaitreyaniputra, Subhuti, Ananda, and Rahula--and other Great Arhats such as these, whom the assembly knew and recognized.

如是我闻。一时、佛住王舍城、耆阇崛山中，与大比丘众万二千人俱。皆是阿罗汉，诸漏已尽，无复烦恼，逮得己利，尽诸有结，心得自在。其名曰：阿若憍陈如、摩诃迦叶、优楼频螺迦叶、伽耶迦叶、那提迦叶、舍利弗、大目犍连、摩诃迦旃延、阿冕楼驮、劫宾那、憍梵波提、离婆多、毕陵伽婆蹉、薄拘罗、摩诃拘絺罗、难陀、孙陀罗难陀、富楼那弥多罗尼子、须菩提、阿难、罗侯罗，如是众所知识、大阿罗汉等。

Moreover, there were those with further study and those beyond study, two thousand in all. There was the Bhikshuni Mahaprajapati with her retinue of six thousand, and Rahula’s mother, Bhikshuni Yashodhara, also with her retinue. There were eighty thousand Bodhisattvas, Mahasattvas all irreversibly established in anuttarasamyaksambodhi. All had obtained dharani and the eloquence of delight in speech and turned the irreversible wheel of the Dharma. They had made offerings to limitless hundreds of thousands of Buddhas and in the presence of those Buddhas had planted the roots of myriad virtues. They were constantly receiving those Buddhas’ praise. They cultivated themselves in compassion and were well able to enter the wisdom of the Buddhas. They had penetrated the great wisdom and arrived at the other shore. Their reputations extended throughout limitless world realms, and they were able to cross over countless hundreds of thousands of living beings.

复有学、无学二千人。摩诃波阇波提比丘尼，与眷属六千人俱。罗侯罗母耶输陀罗比丘尼，亦与眷属俱。菩萨摩诃萨八万人，皆于阿耨多罗三藐三菩提不退转，皆得陀罗尼。乐说辩才，。供养无量百千诸佛，于诸佛所、植众德本，常为诸佛之所称叹。以慈修身，善入佛慧。通达大智，到于彼岸。名称普闻无量世界，能度无数百千众生。

Their names were: the Bodhisattva Manjushri, the Bodhisattva Who Contemplates the World‘s Sounds, the Bodhisattva Who Has Attained Great Might, the Bodhisattva Constant Vigor, the Bodhisattva Unresting, the Bodhisattva Jeweled Palm, the Bodhisattva Medicine King, the Bodhisattva Courageous Giving, the Bodhisattva Jeweled Moon, the Bodhisattva Moonlight, the Bodhisattva Full Moon, the Bodhisattva Great Strength, the Bodhisattva Unlimited Strength, the Bodhisattva Who Has Transcended the Three Realms, the Bodhisattva Bhadrapala, the Bodhisattva Maitreya, the Bodhisattva Jewel Accumulation, the Bodhisattva Guiding Master--and other Bodhisattvas, Mahasattvas such as these, eighty thousand in all.

其名曰：文殊师利菩萨、观世音菩萨、得大势菩萨、常精进菩萨、不休息菩萨、宝掌菩萨、药王菩萨、勇施菩萨、宝月菩萨、月光菩萨、满月菩萨、大力菩萨、无量力菩萨、越三界菩萨、跋陀婆罗菩萨、弥勒菩萨、宝积菩萨、导师菩萨，如是等菩萨摩诃萨八万人俱。

At that time, Shakra Devanam Indrah was present with his retinue of twenty thousand gods. Among them were the God Moon, the God Universal Fragrance, the God Jeweled Light, and the Four Great Heavenly Kings with their retinues, ten thousand gods in all. There was the God Comfort, and the God Great Comfort, with their retinues, thirty thousand gods in all. There was the God King Brahma, ruler of the Saha world, as well as the Great Brahma Shikhin and the Great Brahma Brilliance, and others, with their retinues, twelve thousand gods in all. There were eight Dragon Kings: The Dragon King Nanda, the Dragon King Upananda, the Dragon King Sagara, the Dragon King Vasuki, the Dragon King Takshaka, the Dragon King Anavatapta, the Dragon King Manasvin, and the Dragon King Utpalaka, and others, each with his retinue of several hundreds of thousand followers.

尔时释提桓因，与其眷属二万天子俱。复有名月天子、普香天子、宝光天子、四大天王，与其眷属万天子俱。自在天子、大自在天子，与其眷属三万天子俱。娑婆世界主、梵天王、尸弃大梵、光明大梵等，与其眷属万二千天子俱。有八龙王、难陀龙王、跋难陀龙王、娑伽罗龙王、和修吉龙王、德叉迦龙王、阿那婆达多龙王、摩那斯龙王、优钵罗龙王等，各与若干百千眷属俱。

There were four kinnara kings: the Kinnara King Dharma, the Kinnara King Fine Dharma, the Kinnara King Great Dharma, and the Kinnara King Upholder of Dharma, each with his retinue of several hundreds of thousands of followers. There were four gandharva kings: the Gandharva King Music, the Gandharva King Musical Sound, the Gandharva King Beautiful, and the Gandharva King Beautiful Sound, each with his following of several hundreds of thousands of followers.There were four asura kings: the Asura King Balin, the Asura King Kharaskandha, the Asura King Vemachitrin, and the Asura King Rahu, each with his retinue of several hundreds of thousands of followers. There were four garuda kings: the Garuda King Great Majesty, the Garuda King Great Body, the Garuda King Great Fullness, and the Garuda King As You Will, each with his own retinue of several hundreds of thousands of followers. There was Vaidehi’s son, the King Ajatashatru, with his retinue of several hundreds of thousands of followers. Each made obeisance to the Buddha’s feet, withdrew to one side and sat down.

有四紧那罗王、法紧那罗王、妙法紧那罗王、、持法紧那罗王，各与若干百千眷属俱。有四乾闼婆王、乐乾闼婆王、乐音乾闼婆王、美乾闼婆王、美音乾闼婆王，各与若干百千眷属俱。有四阿修罗王、婆稚阿修罗王、佉罗骞驮阿修罗王、毗摩质多罗阿修罗王、罗侯阿修罗王，各与若干百千眷属俱。有四迦楼罗王、大威德迦楼罗王、大身迦楼罗王、大满迦楼罗王、如意迦楼罗王，各与若干百千眷属俱。韦提希子阿阇世王，与若干百千眷属俱。各礼佛足，退坐一面。

At that time, the World Honored One, having been circumambulated by the fourfold assembly, presented with offerings, honored, venerated, and praised, for the sake of the Bodhisattvas, spoke a Great Vehicle Sutra named The Limitless Principles, a Dharma for instructing Bodhisattvas of which the Buddha is protective and mindful. After the Buddha had spoken this Sutra, he sat in full lotus and entered the samadhi of the station of limitless principles, body and mind unmoving. At that time there fell from the heavens a rain of mandarava flowers, mahamandarava flowers, manjushaka flowers, and mahamanjushaka flowers, which were scattered upon the Buddha and the entire great assembly. All the Buddhas universes quaked in six ways. At that time the entire great assembly of Bhikshus, Bhikshunis, Upasakas, Upasikas, gods, dragons, yakshas, gandharvas, asuras, garudas, kinnaras, mahoragas, beings human and non-human, as well as the minor kings, the wheel-turning sage kings, all attained what they had never had before. They rejoiced and joined their palms and, with one heart, gazed upon the Buddha.

尔时世尊，四众围绕，供养、恭敬、尊重、赞叹。为诸菩萨说大乘经，名无量义，教菩萨法，佛所护念。佛说此经已，结跏趺坐，入于无量义处三昧，身心不动。是时天雨曼陀罗华，摩诃曼陀罗华，曼殊沙华，摩诃曼殊沙华，而散佛上、及诸大众。普佛世界，六种震动。尔时会中，比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、天龙、夜叉、乾闼婆、阿修罗、迦楼罗、紧那罗、摩侯罗伽、人非人，及诸小王、。是诸大众，得未曾有，欢喜合掌，一心观佛。

Then the Buddha emitted from between his brows a white hair-mark light which illumined eighteen thousand worlds to the east, omitting none of them, reaching below to the Avichi hells and above to the Akanishtha Heaven. From this world were seen all the living beings in the six destinies in those lands. Further were seen all the present Buddhas in those lands and all the Sutras and Dharma spoken by the Buddhas was heard. Also seen were the Bhikshus, Bhikshunis, Upasakas, Upasikas in those lands who cultivated and attained the Way. Moreover were seen the Bodhisattvas Mahasattvas, the various causes and conditions, the various beliefs and understandings, and the various appearances of their practice of the Bodhisattva Way. Further were seen the parinirvana of the Buddhas and, after the parinirvana of the Buddhas, the building of stupas with the seven jewels to hold their sharira.

尔时佛放眉间白毫相光，照东方万八千世界，靡不周遍，下至阿鼻地狱，上至阿迦尼吒天。于此世界，尽见彼土六趣众生，又见彼土现在诸佛。及闻诸佛所说经法。并见彼诸比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、诸修行得道者。复见诸菩萨摩诃萨、种种因缘、种种信解、种种相貌、行菩萨道。复见诸佛般涅槃者。复见诸佛般涅槃后，以佛舍利、起七宝塔。

Then the Bodhisattva Maitreya had this thought: “Now, the World Honored One manifests signs of spiritual transformations. What is the reason for these portents? The Buddha, the World Honored One, has now entered Samadhi, yet these are inconceivable and rare events. Who should I ask concerning them? Who could answer?”He further thought: “The Dharma Prince, Manjushri, has in the past drawn near and made offerings to limitless Buddhas. Surely he has seen such rare signs. I shall now ask him.” Thereupon the Bhikshus, Bhikshunis, Upasakas, and Upasikas, as well as the gods, dragons, ghosts, spirits, and others, all had this thought: “Who should now be asked concerning the Buddha’s bright light and signs of spiritual penetrations?”

尔时弥勒菩萨作是念：‘今者、世尊现神变相，以何因缘而有此瑞。今佛世尊入于三昧，是不可思议、现稀有事，当以问谁，谁能答者。’复作此念：‘是文殊师利、法王之子，已曾亲近供养过去无量诸佛，必应见此稀有之相，我今当问。’尔时比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、及诸天龙、鬼神等，咸作此念：‘是佛光明神通之相，今当问谁？’

At that time, the Bodhisattva Maitreya, wishing to resolve his own doubts, and further regarding the thoughts of the four-fold assembly of Bhikshus, Bhikshunis, Upasakas, and Upasikas, as well as the thoughts of the assembled gods, dragons, ghosts, and spirits and others, questioned Manjushri as follows: “What are the reasons for these portents, these signs of spiritual penetrations, for the emanation of great light which illumines eighteen thousand lands to the east so that the adornments in all those Buddha worlds are fully seen?”Thereupon, Maitreya Bodhisattva, wishing to restate his meaning, spoke verses asking:

尔时弥勒菩萨，欲自决疑，又观四众比丘、比丘尼、优婆塞、优婆夷、及诸天龙、鬼神、等，众会之心，而问文殊师利言：‘以何因缘、而有此瑞、神通之相，放大光明，照于东方万八千土，悉见彼佛国界庄严？’

于是弥勒菩萨欲重宣此义，以偈问曰：

“Manjushri, what is the reason
For the guiding master’s emanation
From the white hair between his brows
Of a great light which shines everywhere,
and for the rain of Mandaravas
and of Manjushaka flowers,
the breeze of fragrant Chandana which
delights the hearts of those assembled?
Through these causes and conditions,
the earth is all adorned and pure,
and within this world the earth
trembles in six different ways.
Then the four-fold multitude
rejoices altogether;
in body and in mind enraptured,
they obtain what they had never had.

文殊师利， 导师何故、 眉间白毫， 大光普照。

雨曼陀罗、 曼殊沙华， 栴檀香风， 悦可众心。

以是因缘， 地皆严净， 而此世界、 六种震动。

时四部众、 咸皆欢喜， 身意快然， 得未曾有。

The bright light from between the brows
shines into the eastern quarter,
causing eighteen thousand lands
all to become of golden hue.
And from the Avichi hell,
upwards to the peak of being,
within each of the worlds are seen
the beings within the six paths,
their destinies in birth and death,
their karmic conditions, good or evil,
their retributions, favorable or ill--
all of this is seen, herein.

Further seen are all the Buddhas,
the lions, the sagely masters,
expounding on the Sutra scriptures,
of foremost subtlety and wonder.

眉间光明， 照于东方， 万八千土， 皆如金色，

从阿鼻狱、 上至有顶。 诸世界中， 六道众生，

生死所趋、 　善恶业缘、 受报好丑， 于此悉见。

又睹诸佛、 圣主师子、 演说经典， 微妙第一。

Clear and pure is the sound
of their soft, compliant voices,
teaching all the Bodhisattvas,
numbering in the countless millions.
The Brahma sound, profound and wondrous,
fills those who hear with joy
as, within his world, each one proclaims the proper Dharma.
Through various causes and conditions,
and limitless analogies,
they clarify the Buddhadharma
to enlighten living beings.

其声清净， 出柔软音， 教诸菩萨、 无数亿万，

梵音深妙， 令人乐闻。 各于世界， 讲说正法、

种种因缘。 以无量喻， 照明佛法， 开悟众生。